CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY (Concrete)
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| Remote Operated Underwater Vehicle(ROV)
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The
underwater scanning system called Remote Operated UnderwaterVehicle(ROV)
comprises of a heavy submersible vehicle, control console
cameras, a VCR and other accessories. The vehicle along
with the camera can be lowered into the reservoir water
up to a depth of 300 meters and a video film can be
made showing the dam surface and other features. The
video film can be studied subsequently to assess the
extent of damage so that possible remedial measures
can be taken up. |
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| Portable Ultrasonic Nondestructive
Digital lndicator Tester |
| Portable
Ultrasonic Nondestructive Digital Indicator Tester (PUNDIT)
consists of electronic circuitry for generating ultrasonic
pulses and measuring the travel time of pulses through
the medium to be tested. By taking a series of observations
in different ways using this equipment, it is possible
to detect the presence of cracks, voids and other imperfections
in concrete. The equipment has, successfully, been used
by CSMRS for monitoring the periodic variation in concrete
quality over the years and for assessing general condition
of concrete-masonry structures. |
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| Multi Axial Fluid Cushion Cubical
Test System |
The Multi Axial Fluid Cushion Cubical Test System is
used to investigate the constitutive behaviour and strength
properties of concrete and rock cubes under uniaxial,
biaxial and triaxial loading conditions. Because of
the flexible stress controlled boundaries, the sample
can undergo all forms of normal and shear deformation
due to applied principal compressive stresses.
The equipment includeds a monolithic high strength steel
space frame and pressure vessels for six fluid pressure
loading faces that serve as three loading axes. Tensile
stress can be applied through tensile loading device.
The hydraulic pressures are applied by three conventional
high pressure pumps (capacity 207 MPa each). Deformations
are recorded through LVDTs which can distinguish displacements
in the order to 10-5 cm. |
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| Biaxial Test Equipment |
| The equipment
is meant for testing 30 cm size concrete or rock cubical
specimens under biaxial loading conditions for stress
strain analysis under static and dynamic conditions.
Loading up to maximum of 500 T under static as well
as dynamic conditions is applied through stiff steel
platens with leather soft pads. The strain measurements
are made through 20 Linear Variable Differential Transformers
(3 each on loading faces and 4 each on top and bottom)
and with the help of data acquisition system. |
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| Triaxial Axisymmetrical
Cells, Control Panel, Pore Pressure and Lateral Pressure Assemblies
Including Interface |
| The system
is capable of testing cylindrical concrete specimens
of sizes 150 mm dia x 300 mm long, 300 mm dia x 600
mm long and 500 mm dia x 1000 mm long under triaxial
compression or triaxial extension. The lateral pressure
assembly facilitates to provide controlled lateral pressure
in the cells. The axial load is applied through conventional
testing machine in vertical direction. |
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| Permeability Apparatus |
The equipment
is meant for studying the permeability characteristics
for mass concrete, predominantly flyash concrete for
large dam under high hydraulic heads. The maximum operating
pressure is 50 kg/sq.cm. Three different sizes of concrete
cylindrical specimens viz.
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150 mm dia x 150 mm long, |
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300 mm dia x 300 mm long and |
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500 mm dia x 500 mm long. |
can be tested using the equipment |
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| Thermal Conductivity Test Equipment
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| The
equipment is meant for measuring the thermal conductivity
and specific heat of concrete cylindrical specimens
using electric control systems |
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| 1000T Universal Testing Machine
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| The 1000
T Universal Testing Machine was installed in CSMRS in
the year 1977. The machine is capable of testing large
specimens in the compression and flexural modes upto
a limit of 1000T. Due to high capacity of the machine,
it is possible to test large scale full mix specimens
with maximum dimensions of 800 mm X 2200 mm directly
in addition to testing high strength concrete, steel
specimens and large size masonry blocks. |
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| 250T Universal Testing Machine
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| The machine
is being used for testing concrete, rock and mortar
cylinders & cubes, bricks etc. under compression,
tension, shear and flexural loading conditions. Steel
bars and plates can also be tested in tension. The machine
has five adjustable loading ranges varying from 0-250T
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| Equipment for Measurement of Creep
in Mass Concrete |
| The equipment is meant
for studying creep behaviour of mass concrete in cylindrical
specimens of size 500 mm dia x 1000 mm long. The specimens
are loaded hydraulically in uniaxial compression test
system. The de- formation undergone by the specimen
is measured using two types of gauges as indicated below
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Demec Mechanical Gauge |
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Electronic Embedded Vibrating Wire Strain Gauge |
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| Equipment for Measurement of Creep
in Structural Concrete |
| The equipment
is meant for studying creep behaviour of structural
grade concrete cylindrical specimens of size 150 mm
dia x 400 mm long. the specimens are loaded hydraulically
in uniaxial compression test system. The deformation
is measured using acoustic or vibrating wire strain
gauges (external type) which are mounted on the specimen.
A data logger and a personal computer are used to take
readings directly from the strain gauges at the desired
interval of time. The computer also records the data.
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| Shotcrete Equipment |
| The ALIVA 260 dry mix spraying
shotcrete machine operates according to the rotor principle.
The material to be conveyed is fed via. feeding hopper
incorporating agitator through the charging hole into
the rotor chambers. Rotating the rotor, the material
to be conveyed is transported to the outlet. The compressed
air empties the rotor chamber and the materials to be
conveyed is transported into the conveyor pipeline.
The material conveyed floats in a stream of compressed
air in the conveyor pipeline and material reaches the
spray nozzle, where water and quick setting accelerators
and added. |
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| Mass Concrete/Plum Concrete Mix
Design Facility |
The mix
design for mass concrete involves the use of large size
aggregates (75 mm and above) which requires casting
and testing of large size cylindrical specimens (300
mm dia x 600 mm height and larger).
The CSMRS has all necessary equipments including large
size cylindrical moulds, large mixer, equipments for
handling and transporting large specimens and 1000 T
capacity UTM for carrying out mix design for plum concrete
and conventional mass concrete. |
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| ASTM Mortar Bar Equipment
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| The
alkali aggregate reaction (AAR) inconcrete is considered
as a great menace to the durability of concrete structures
specially the hydraulic structures. The manifestations
of this deleterious reaction appear only a few years
after construction when no remedial measures to stop
this reaction can be applied. Only preventive measures
at the time of construction can be applied.
For this, it is required to detect the potential for
AAR in the aggregate before the construction starts.
The accelerated method of mortar bar testing as per
ASTM standards for assessing AAR potential of an aggregate
type has been proved to be most reliable method.
CSMRS has all necessary equipments, such as bar moulds,
special containers for curing, and temperature and humidity
control devices for carrying out this test before the
proposed aggregate is allowed to be used in major projects.
Two major dams of India namely Rihand Dam(UP) and Hirakud
Dam(Orissa) have suffered this harmful reaction due
to non-availability of proper test technique during
their construction periods. As such using these available
techniques of testing and evaluation such problems can
now be avoided. |
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| Digital Microcover Meter
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| The microcover
meter is a portable instrument using the latest analogue
and digital circuit technology to determine the position,
orientation, depth and size of reinforcing bars within
concrete. This equipment is specially useful where coring,
grinding, insertions of new machines mountings are to
be made. The detection of reinforcing bars and their
position helps in avoiding damage to barsand to tools
when such operations are carried out.
This micro cover meter can measure cover upto 100 mm
for bars of 6 mm and lower diameter and upto 120 mm
for bars between 6 and 40 mm.
The detection of reinforcement in concrete also helps
in applying proper correction factor for pulse velocity
while conducting non-destructive tests on reinforced
concrete using ultrasonic pulse velocity technique.
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